Two-dimensional Black Holes in a Higher Derivative Gravity and Matrix Model

We construct perturbatively a class of charged black hole solutions in type 0A string theory with higher derivative terms. They have extremal limit, where the solution interpolates smoothly between near horizon AdS_2 geometry and the asymptotic linear dilaton geometry. We compute the free energy and the entropy of those solution using various methods. In particular, we show that there is no correction in the leading term of the free energy in the large charge limit. This supports the duality of the type 0A strings on the extremal black hole and the 0A matrix model in which the tree level free energy is exact without any alpha' corrections.Comment: Latex, 19 page

Epigenetic regulation of SMAD3 by histone methyltransferase SMYD2 promotes lung cancer metastasis

Abstract Epigenetic alterations, especially histone methylation, are key factors in cell migration and invasion in cancer metastasis. However, in lung cancer metastasis, the mechanism by which histone methylation regulates metastasis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we found that the histone methyltransferase SMYD2 is overexpressed in lung cancer and that knockdown of SMYD2 could reduce the rates of cell migration and invasion in lung cancer cell lines via direct downregulation of SMAD3 via SMYD2-mediated epigenetic regulation. Furthermore, using an in vitro epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) system with a Transwell system, we generated highly invasive H1299 (In-H1299) cell lines and observed the suppression of metastatic features by SMYD2 knockdown. Finally, two types of in vivo studies revealed that the formation of metastatic tumors by shSMYD2 was significantly suppressed. Thus, we suggest that SMYD2 is a potential metastasis regulator and that the development of SMYD2-specific inhibitors may help to increase the efficacy of lung cancer treatment